含两种分布式电源的配电网故障分析方法

逆变型分布式电源(IIDG)和双馈感应发电机(DFIG)的故障输出电流均由逆变器的控制策略决定,具有很强的非线性,传统的故障分析方法已无法适用于含IIDG或DFIG的配电网。在计及了IIDG和DFIG的低电压穿越特性和控制策略后,建立了IIDG和DFIG的等值模型。以此为基础,进行了含IIDG和DFIG配电网的故障分析,并提出了故障分析迭代求解方法。最后,通过在MATLAB上实现该迭代求解方法,并在RTDS上建模仿真,对迭代求解方法进行了验证。     

异步电机效率优化控制及动态响应研究

针对异步电机效率优化问题,在黄金分割法和模糊搜索控制法的基础上,提出了一种新型混合控制方法。该方法在模糊控制中设计了合理的比例因子和隶属度函数,保证了在初始阶段搜索步长,根据电机工况进行在线调整,减小了电磁转矩的波动。在优化的后半段中接入黄金分割法,有效解决了模糊控制在最优点附近振荡和收敛速度慢的问题,保证了系统的稳定性。同时针对弱磁情况,给出了一种动态电流分配策略以提高系统动态响应速度。仿真结果验证了新型混合搜索法和动态电流分配法的有效性。     

带感应耦合器的永磁同步风力发电系统建模与分析

对一种新型风力发电系统——带感应耦合器的永磁同步风力发电系统进行了研究.建立了自然风、风力涡轮机、感应耦合器及永磁同步发电机的数学模型和仿真模型.建立基于传递函数的系统整体动态仿真模型,并将其作为分析研究系统动态特性的工具.对阵风和涡轮机转矩产生7.5Hz波动条件下,有和无感应耦合器两种情况下永磁同步风力发电机的特性进行对比分析.讨论了感应耦合器的等效电阻对系统特性的影响.研究结果表明,引入感应耦合器有效削弱了干扰对系统的影响,降低了电压闪变程度,改善了风速变化或涡轮转矩波动时系统运行不稳定的情况.另外,耦合器等效电阻的减小可减小其运行的转差率,提高系统效率,但稳定性有所下降.     

Coordinated voltage control of wind-penetrated power systems via state feedback control

This paper presents an optimal coordinated voltage control scheme for preserving long-term voltage stability of power systems. Linear quadratic integral (LQI) controller is employed to construct this scheme. Also, this paper considers the detailed dynamic model of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine, synchronous generators, over excitation limiter (OEL) and under-load tap changer (ULTC) system, which are important elements influencing voltage stability of power systems. The proposed approach at each time instance involves following two major steps: First, the power system nonlinear equations are linearized and optimal controllers are obtained by LQI technique. Then, in the second step the system dynamic behavior is investigated via time-domain simulations by applying the attained optimal control signals at the first step. The impact of the proposed coordinated voltage control scheme is evaluated by time domain simulations on a well-known test system, under variable wind speed and fault conditions.     

Corrosive effects of the electromagnetic induction caused by the high voltage power lines on buried X70 steel pipelines

This paper diagnoses the corrosive effects of the electromagnetic induction caused by double circuit high voltage power lines (HVPL) on the buried X70 steel pipelines. To achieve this objective, firstly the electromagnetic interference between the double circuit HVPL and the X70 steel pipeline (the distribution of the magnetic field and the induced AC current densities in the buried X70 steel pipeline) and the factors affecting this interference such as the vertical distance between the double circuit HVPL and the X70 steel pipeline, and the conductor phase sequence orientation were studied. Then, electrochemical measurements were used to characterize the corrosion polarization properties of X70 steel in simulated soil at various AC current densities. The results show that with an increase in the AC current density, the corrosion rate of the X70 steel increased, indicating that the induced AC current density has accelerated the corrosion degree of X70 steel, by comparison with that in the absence of the AC current density. We can conclude from these results that the electromagnetic induction caused by the double circuit high voltage power lines affects the electrochemical characteristic of the X70 steel pipeline and accelerates the corrosion of the pipeline.     

Short Circuit Current Calculation Method of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator with Crowbar Protection Based on Flux Transient Characteristics

With the wide application of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), accurate calculation and analysis of the short circuit currents of DFIG with crowbar protection has become very important key to realizing the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of DFIG and establishing the corresponding grid protection scheme. In view of this, a method to calculate the short circuit currents of DFIG with crowbar protection when different types of fault occur in the grid is proposed in this paper. First, the DFIG stator and rotor 2nd-order differential equations in the cases of grid symmetrical fault and asymmetrical fault are established respectively. And the short circuit current calculation model when crowbar resistance remains unchanged in the fault duration is obtained. On this basis, the short circuit current calculation model when crowbar resistance varies in the fault duration is derived. And then, the influence of crowbar resistance and DFIG rotor speed on the short circuit current calculation model is analyzed, including the variation pattern of flux eigenvalues with the crowbar resistance, and the variation feature of flux amplitude and phase angle with the rotor speed. Besides, the transient variation characteristics of different flux components are studied. Finally, time-domain simulation tests verify that the proposed calculation method is correct and applicable to different types of crowbar circuits in the market. Besides, the influence of crowbar resistance and DFIG rotor speed on the stator short circuit current peak, peak time and current frequency in different fault cases is revealed.     

Robust Direct Power Control Schemes of DFIGs Driven by Variable-speed Wind Turbines

Despite its several advantages, a classic direct power control (DPC) technique of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) driven by variable-speed wind turbines has some drawbacks such as high power ripples and variable switching frequency. In this paper, two robust controllers are designed to improve the classical DPC performance without complicating the overall scheme. First, an integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) is designed to regulate the stator active and reactive powers. Two integral switching functions are selected for controlling stator active and reactive powers. The idea of total sliding mode controller is selected to avoid reaching phase stability problem. Second, a diagonal recurrent neural network (DRNN) controller is designed and trained based on DPC. The DRNN has several advantages compared to the classical static neural networks such as recurrence and simple construction. Simple off-line back-propagation algorithm is proposed to train the proposed DRNN. The stability of the proposed ISMC and DRNN controller is proved using the Lyapunov stability theorem. The grid side converter is controlled based on the DPC principle to ensure both constant DC-link voltage and grid side reactive power. The feasibility of the proposed DPC schemes is validated by simulation studies on a 1.5-MW wind power generation system. The performance of the proposed schemes is compared with a conventional DPC scheme under different operating conditions.     

基于DVR的感应电动机柔性快速再启动方法

对感应电动机失电后存在的残压影响及其再启动的问题进行了研究,提出利用动态电压恢复器补偿一个幅值和相位逐渐变化的"柔性电压",保证电动机的供电电压在再启动初始时刻和残压相等,随后幅值逐渐增大、相位逐渐移动直到和电源电压相等,使得感应电动机可以快速再启动,同时可以大幅减小再启动过程中的冲击电流和冲击转矩。提出了一种无静差地跟踪"柔性电压"的控制方法,通过对比分析,说明所提控制方法具有简单、可靠、快速的特点;通过理论分析及软件仿真,证明了所提控制方法的有效性以及动态电压恢复器在感应电动机再启动方面应用的可行性。     

三相异步发电独立电力系统不对称稳态运行分析

建立了三角形接法鼠笼式异步发电机三相负载不对称时独立系统的数学模型,对该独立系统中各电量之间的关系进行分析,计算发电机三相输出电压及绕组电流大小。基于对称分量法,推导出发电机侧正序和负序等效电路,并求出三角形连接的负载侧序电压与序电流之间的关系,进而得出满足发电机稳态运行要求的目标函数,省去了复杂的电路分析。针对稳态运行方程的非线性及复杂性,采用优化算法求解出系统的频率和正序电抗,并以此为基础计算系统的稳态电压值。计算值与实测值吻合度较高,表明所提目标函数的正确性以及所采用优化算法的准确性和有效性。     

非连续供电模式下感应电机低频振荡机理分析

采用对称分量法,排除变频器一侧电感和电容影响,对感应电机在最简单的不连续供电模式下(晶闸管供电)的振荡现象进行研究。通过分析电机在三相及两相导通模式下的换相瞬态过程,考虑转速改变时电机方程各量的变化,推导电机在不同过渡过程时其定转子电流的空间向量表达式,并给出其时域形式解,找到感应电机在不连续供电时产生振荡的原因,从电机本体方面对振荡现象进行解释。应用上述分析方法对一台三相感应电机进行计算,计算结果与实验吻合较好。分析方法可作为进一步研究变频器供电的感应电机的过渡过程的基础。